Industrial geopolitics and markets 

This track must position ceramics within the evolving global industrial landscape. Europe faces increasing competition from countries with different cost structures, more aggressive industrial policies, strategic access to raw materials, lower environmental requirements or strong public support. In this context, the European ceramic industry must clearly define how it intends to compete. 

Global competition, particularly from China, India and other major manufacturing hubs, must be analysed rigorously. The challenge is not only to compete with individual companies, but with entire industrial ecosystems that operate with very different energy, labour, financial, regulatory and logistical costs. This reality requires a rethinking of positioning, innovation, productivity and differentiation. 

Trade and tariff policies will play an increasingly important role. Anti-dumping measures, tariffs, technical barriers, carbon border adjustment mechanisms and trade agreements can significantly reshape competitive conditions. For ceramic companies, understanding this framework will be essential to anticipate risks and identify opportunities. 

The relocation of production is another critical issue. European companies may be tempted to move part of their production to regions with lower costs, but such decisions involve strategic risks: loss of industrial know-how, increased external dependency, logistical vulnerability, social impact and the weakening of local industrial ecosystems. 

Critical supply chains must also be addressed within this track. Raw materials, frits, glazes, pigments, machinery, electronic components, energy supply, maritime transport and resource availability can all become sources of vulnerability. Industrial resilience will be as important as efficiency. 

In addition, this track must analyse changes in international markets: the evolution of demand, new growth centres, pricing pressure, growing environmental requirements from clients, distributor concentration, channel transformation and the emergence of new specification and purchasing models. 

Technology alone does not guarantee the future of the sector. It is essential to understand the global environment in which the ceramic industry operates and to align technological decisions with business, commercial and institutional strategy.